How can urban planning or architectural design be used to promote sustainable strategies (pick one or two topics i.e. air quality and energy use)?

The topic that I am looking for someone to write about is about “How can urban planning or architectural design be used to promote sustainable strategies (pick one or two topics i.e. air quality and energy use)?” which is one of the topics found under the Urban Regional Development section on the “Essay 2019” form. I have attached the rubric, the template, and the topic list/instructions.